Category Archives: history

Advise & Consent

When I was about 10 or 12 I started reading Allen Drury’s Cold War tales of political intrigue in Washington, D.C. He had such an imaginative way of retelling what the real life pundits and politicos tried to warn us were the true dangers of those villainous Soviets and Red Chinese.

Advise & Consent was the first and most famous of those novels, originally published in 1959 and made into a stage play before turning out this 1962 film version. Henry Fonda plays Robert Leffingwell, nominated to be Secretary of State by a (never named in the script) president, a very controversial choice, mainly because he ran afoul of a very senior southern senator several years before. Senator Seabright Cooley (played by Charles Laughton) does not like to be shown up, not hardly, and knows how to hold on to a grudge.

Leffingwell’s politics are, perhaps, a bit too liberal in what was a country barely passed the McCarthyite Era and sure enough Cooley uses a trick right out of that nasty playbook. The nomination also runs into the ambitious young senator named Van Ackerman (a very young George Grizzard) and the morality of the committee chairman, Lafe Smith (Don Murray, Smith is the junior senator from Utah so of course he’s called Brigham Anderson). Playing a Kennedyesque bachelor senator is Peter Lawford (who was the real ones’ brother-in-law) and also stuck in the middle is Walter Pidgeon as the loyal workhorse majority leader.

Directed by Otto Preminger and with a screenplay from Wendell Mayes, Advise & Consent wisely avoids explicitly stating to which party any of the politicians belong. Though if one were to suggest the majority (and all the main characters) were Democrats, I’d probably agree. Preminger made this movie at the height of his career, coming after the Sidney Poitier version of Porgy and Bess, the Jimmy Stewart thriller Anatomy of a Murder (with script also by Wendell Mayes) and Exodus, improbably starring Paul Newman in the dramatic journey of Holocaust survivors trying to get past nasty British soldiers into pre-Israel Palestine.

This film version is just okay, the novels were much better; Preminger and Mayes take the melodramatic portions of Drury’s novel and as much as possible avoid the political story. Fonda is barely seen in the first half and refuses to involve himself in the back room maneuvers surrounding his nomination. Laughton and Murray have the meatiest parts, though the few women present–mainly Gene Tierney and Inga Swenson–have juicy cameos.

moderately recommended

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Spartacus

This 1960 movie is one of those classics I’m willing to bet most people under the age of 60 have never watched but still feel they know all about. I admit I was one of them until the other day. Let me say upfront, I don’t really see the whole Spartacus as Christ thing, any more than I do for Neo in The Matrix trilogy; if this were so than the same would be true of the hero of nearly any straightforward epic story. But some people want to see such things anywhere they can.

Spartacus is a slave born a few decades before the aforementioned Christian savior in a north African Roman colony, where he’s spotted by gladiator trainer (Peter Ustinov, who won a Best Supporting Actor Oscar) and taken to Italy. Life is easier in Capua than in a Libyan mine but he still chafes under the rules and constraints imposed by his masters.

Then one day two leading Roman senators (Lawrence Oliver as the patrician Crassus and John Gavin as a young Juius Caesar) and their lady friends turn up at the school unexpectedly and want a show. The sniveling master is happy to oblige until the women insist the gladiators fight to the death, as is custom in Rome; he tries to convince them that doing so in the school would be a really bad idea but the arrogant women want what they want.

One shortcoming of Dalton Trumbo’s script for me is that Crassus never really understands that what he and his friends did that afternoon was the inciting incident of everything that came after, including his own downfall, the death of tens of thousands and the rise of Caesar. Even at the very end, when Crassus realizes who Spartacus is (since all the men captured with him famously stand up and say “I am Spartacus”), there’s no light of recognition.

Still, this is one of the best performances Kirk Douglas gave, Olivier is as terrific as ever, Ustinov is a very good shifty, sniveling, out for his own good Roman plebe, Jean Simmons is wonderful as Varinia, the Brittanic slave who immediately falls for Spartacus (and vice versa, to be sure), Charles Laughton punches his weight as Crassus’s populist political opponent and John Ireland a strong right arm to Douglas.

The movie was also a triumph for writer Dalton Trumbo. He was nearly destroyed by the McCarthy blacklist, the most prominent member of the Hollywood 10, and Spartacus was the first credit he got after that dark era ended. He worked for another decade after this, giving us the scripts for Exodus and Papillon before passing away in 1976.

This film was also the first really big hit directed by Stanley Kubrick, whose next four pictures were the phenomal Lolita, Doctor Strangelove, 2001: A Space Odyssey and A Clockwork Orange. Kubrick realized the epic scope of his story required grandiose outdoor settings but he skillfully navigated the line between tasteful and the campiness embraced by contemporaries like Cecille DeMille. He didn’t shy away from visuals that studio execs probably objected to, such as the crucifixions of the captured rebels which lined the army’s road back to Rome.

recommended

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The Secret Agent

In the not-distant past Bob Hoskins made a good impression on me with his performances in movies like The Long Good Friday, Mona Lisa and Who Framed Roger Rabbit? So when I noticed that he produced and starred in a recent (1996 release) version of Joseph Conrad’s classic novel of European political intrigue called The Secret Agent in the on demand menu I figured it would be a good choice for a Friday evening show.

Sadly, my hopes were not met. The movie was ponderous and scattered, writer/director Christopher Hampton clearly unable to reduce Conrad’s sophisticated language to a producible screenplay. Eddie Izzard did a wonderful small bit as the Russian spymaster who is Hoskins’ new boss and a very fresh Christian Bale was okay as a mentally addled young man in his care but Patricia Arquettte was out of her depth as his young English bride (and Bale’s sister).

Frankly, I gave up after about 40 minutes.

not recommended

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The Good German

Another quality collaboration between director Steven Soderbergh and star George Clooney following the Oceans Eleven, Twelve and Thirteen flicks plus Out of Sight and the less than stellar scifi outing Solaris. This 2006 movie was a very high profile ‘quality’ production shot in black and white with archival footage providing very realistic sets into which the cast were green screened but it only got one Oscar nomination, Thomas Newman for original score. Though Newman did win, so there’s that.

The Good German is set at the time of the Potsdam Conference, between the German and Japanese surrenders at the end of WWII, where Truman, Churchill and Stalin met to divvy up the post-war map. Clooney plays Jake Geismer, a military journalist, in fractionated Berlin to cover the conference; pre-war he’d been the Berlin office head for Associated Press.

Lena Brandt, played by a very dark-haired Cate Blanchett, was Geismer’s stringer and lover in those days, despite being married. Now she lives with a real American army rat called Tully (Tobey Maguire), allowing him to pimp her out and treat her like shite in order to survive. And in a strange coincidence Tully, who nominally works in the motor pool when he isn’t profiteering in the black market, is assigned as Geismer’s driver.

Brandt’s husband Emil (Christian Oliver) supposedly dies a year or two before though other than Jake no one seems to believe it. And everybody in positions of power want to get their hands on Emil. Even his wife wants little more than to get out of Germany as long as she can get Emil to safe (i.e., American) hands as part of the trade. TPTB don’t care about her but for sure are not willing to see the husband, who was the right hand of the scientist at the heart of the Nazi rocket program, captured by another power. This puts Geismer into danger since he, of course, cannot resist trying to save the one woman he apparently ever loved.

For me Good German was Soderbergh and Clooney making another throwback flick. Where the Oceans trilogy recaptured the Rat Pack magic and formalized Clooney as the (non-singing) Sinatra of the new millenium, here they went, reasonably  successfully, for the Howard Hawks and Cary Grant mantles.

The script by Paul Attanasio, from Joseph Kanon’s novel, was also quality stuff, not surprising since Attanasio also wrote Donnie Brasco and Quiz Show and was showrunner of one of my favorite TV series, Homicide: Life on the Streets. Although the politics were surely revisionist, the plot, pacing and dialog were reminiscent of some of the best ’40s war noir efforts like The 39 Steps and Notorious.

recommended

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The Last King of Scotland

This was a highly regarded movie that I should have been eager to see once it hit cable but due to the subject matter, the brutally insane Ethiopian dictator Idi Amin, I was reluctant. Despite giving The Last King of Scotland a 4, which is pretty rare for me, my misgivings were correct.

The film filters our view of Amin through a young Scottish doctor (played by the terrific James MacAvoy) who sees a few years working at a clinic in the boonies of Ethiopia as a lark and an escape from his dour, domineering physician father. Unfortunately for him he meets up with Amin (Forrest Whittaker, who won last year’s Best Actor Oscar) in the days after the 1970 coup that bought him to power and Amin, who was after all literally insane, saw something he liked. Not knowing any better Garrigan reluctantly accepts an offer to be the President’s personal physician.

Up close he learns the truth, never more clearly than the time he gets back to his apartment to find it tossed over and his UK passport gone, replaced with a Ugandan one. Amin never asks permission for anything and always assumes everyone wants whatever he wishes to give them; his reign was brief–though not brief enough for the more than 300,000 countrymen killed in those nine years–as even the strongest supporters were unable to stomach the man’s increasingly horrific behavior.

Kerry Washington (Ray), David Oyewolo (who was also excellent in HBO’s 5 Days and BBC import series MI-5) and Simon McBurney (Golden Compass) have key supporting roles while Gillian Anderson, demonstrating the freedom starring in a TV series for 10 year can give an actor, has a nice cameo as the frustrated, sexy wife of Garrigan’s clinic superior.

I think part of my attitude has to do with the way director Kevin Macdonald and writers Peter Morgan and Jeremy Brock slowly remove the veil from Garrigan’s eyes. At first (like many others) he thinks Amin is a strong man of the people who can root out the corruption of the previous regime, which is why the doctor decides to take the job offer, and LKoS has may laugh-provoking scenes. Even after many others have come to see the truth he still doesn’t. Finally the truth slaps him in the face, at which point he barely escapes with his life and even that costs a friend his life.

recommended

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The Caine Mutiny

I really love having video on demand on my cable service. Not only does it give me new episodes of The Wire six days early, I can also find something to watch no matter what my mood. The other night I flipped through the free movie listing and found this 1954 classic tale of men at war and more in conflict with each other than the enemy–there’s only one battle scene and even that shows the Japanese only through the arrival of shots from their shore-based batteries.

The Caine Mutiny is primarily set on the minesweeper Caine in the Pacific Theater during the second half of WWII. Made from Herman Wouk’s bestselling novel, the movie was written by Stanley Roberts (who also adapted Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman for the big screen) and directed by Edward Dmytryk, in his first job after spending several months in prison as one of the Hollywood 10 who refused to cooperate with the DC McCarthyism witchhunts of the early ’50s.

Producer Stanley Kramer (yes, the one who not longer after this became a very successful director) gave Dmytryk a first class cast. Toplining are Humphrey Bogart as the martinet Queeg, Van Johnson as the mutineer Maryk, Fred MacMurray (still a serious actor who had not yet turned to Disney tripe nor the father of My Three Sons) as the creepy comms officer Keefer and Jose Ferrer as Maryk’s Navy attorney plus Robert Francis in a very good performance as naive, audience POV character Ensign Willie Keith. Sadly Francis died in a plane crash the year after this was released.

The Caine is a slack ship, the crew just as sloppy and worn down, as Keith arrives fresh from training for his first posting. Shortly thereafter Queeg takes command and he’s unwilling to permit such unbecoming behavior and state of repair. We see him in a series of questionably petty decisions and confrontations, none truly favorable to him, climaxing in a ship-wide hunt for a purported food locker key used to abscond with a quart of strawberry ice cream.

Maryk, Keefer and Keith surreptitiously ride over to the newly-arrived fleet commander’s carrier, armed with Maryk’s diary of Queeg’s behaviors, to see if Admiral Halsey will  relieve their captain. They back out at the last minute, on Halsey’s doorstep, after Keener points out that much of what the three know is actionable Queeg can likely explain away as imposing discipline and the trio’s action as mutiny.

Finally the ship (and the bigger fleet to which it belongs) runs into a terrible storm that goes on for hours, causing them severe damage. Queeg refuses to deviate in the least from their ordered course despite the fact that doing so will alleviate the threat of capsizing.

The storm goes on and on and Maryk’s requests and suggestions to alter heading become more and more strident; finally Queeg retreats into himself, though physically remaining on the bridge, and Maryk assumes command, with the complicity of Keith, who is officer of the deck during this time. They return to San Francisco, the Caine‘s home port, for the climactic trial of Lt. Maryk on chargs of mutiny.

While watching I came to really wonder how much of the story came from Herman Wouk’s own experience on the same kind of ship during the war. The performances are generally strong, with interesting small parts by very young Lee Marvin, Claude Akins and E.G. Marshall; I’m less clear on why Roberts and Dmytryk kept Ensign Keith’s subplot other than as a sop to the female audience.

recommended

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The Good Shepherd

In his second directorial effort, Robert De Niro does not live up to the quality of A Bronx Tale, his first, nor his status as a god in the acting category. The Good Shepherd is a good movie when it sticks to telling us the spy side of the story but has two key problems that block it from being really good or excellent.

The problems: despite constantly shifting between the movie’s main time period, the weeks just before and after the Bay of Pigs fiasco in 1961, and an episodic look at how protagonist Edward Wilson (Matt Damon) grew from a Yale scholastic stud and poet into one of the CIA’s top leaders, there’s just too much wasted screen time in the nearly three hours this runs, and, second, Damon plays Wilson as if he were made of rock, which is terrific for a spy but terrible for what is a drama and not a Bourne-style thriller.

De Niro and scripter Eric Roth (Munich, Ali, The Insider, The Postman) are attempting to give us a retro-modern lesson on the founding of the Central Intelligence Agency (referred to as CIA, never “the CIA,” since as one character says late in the movie, you never say “the God”) via the Wilson viewpoint character. They feel we need to learn about Wilson as a person to give the Agency’s actions context and humanity so we see Edward as:

  • a college student at Yale, his induction into Skull and Bones, his only real love affair–with Laura, a lovely deaf Yale coed played by Tammy Blanchard–and his shotgun albeit career enhancing marriage to Clover Russell (Angeline Jolie), sister of a Bones mate and daughter of a US Senator, all in the two years before WWII;
  • his return home after spending the entire war in Europe to a wife with whom he has no emotional connection and a six year old son he’s never met and who he also never bonds with
  • a one night sexual reunion with that deaf woman, 18 years after their last date, after a chance meeting.

These scenes take up at least 45 minutes and probably closer to an hour, which could have been condensed to about 15 minutes without losing any of their plot setup or audience identifying effects.

Damon is generally quite capable of delivering a much better performance than we see here (Syriana, Good Will Hunting, The Departed, the Bourne trilogy) and I can only attribute the difference to De Niro’s instructions. Perhaps he wanted us to believe or understand that the spy’s need to display the ultimate poker face cannot be turned off and on at will; those willing to back up their extreme patriotism with ruthless dedication, that is, have little compunction in sacrificing family either, but instead of extraneous verbiage and scenes this could have been delivered in a few scraps of dialog. However, even in the scenes with Laura or his college poetry class, which I expect are intended to gift us a glance at who Edward might have been, I felt Damon was never allowed to soften his granite body language.

If The Good Shepherd had only focused on the rivalry between Mother (the KGB’s nickname for Wilson) and Ulysses (CIA’s codename for his KGB counterpart, played by Oleg Shtefanko) I think this could have been the success that De Niro, Roth and Damon expected cinematically and as a historical analysis. This rivalry takes center stage in the movie’s final third, rewarding the patient viewer with the emotional energy absent from most of the first 100+ minutes with dramatic spy games that continually raise the stakes and provide a meaningful payoff to the interspersed scenes in which Wilson and his constant companion Ray Broca (John Turturro, who wisely offers his emotions throughout) are analyzing the reasons for the failure to overthrow Castro at the Bay of Pigs.

moderately recommended

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Curse of the Golden Flower (Man cheng jin dai huang jin jia)

Dazzling visuals give this transposed Greek tragedy an epic feel but in the end Curse of the Golden Flower is a tale of betrayal and revenge inside a single family. Chow Yun Fat is the father and Li Gong the mother of the two younger sons–though she appears far too young to be the mother of the older of her boys, well, it is a movie.

Set 1100 years ago during the T’ang Dynasty in China, an ambitious soldier has completed his rise to power and consolidated control of the empire. The Empress, daughter of the ruler of a neighboring kingdom, has reached the end of her usefulness. His three sons are all grown but Wan, the oldest, is a weakling, Yu, the youngest, a bit mad and Jai, the middle, cannot bear the way his father has betrayed his mother.

The annual Chrysanthemum festival is drawing near, an event with special significance for the family. Not only is it the day the Emperor chooses to celebrate the values of his monarchy, it is also the anniversary of the death of his first wife, his eldest son’s mother. Further, the Empress has found out that her husband has added a poison to her daily medicine, a concoction of his own composition.

To celebrate, then, the Empress has arranged that at the opening of this year’s festival a coup will be staged; she will be rid of her disloyal husband and the son of his first wife. This is a royal soaper so in addition, Crown Prince Wan is having an affair with the lovely daughter of the Imperial Doctor and she and her father are the ones adding the poison to the Empress’ medicine–and the wife of the Imperial Doctor is the person who told her of it.

Writer/director Yimou Zhang (House of Flying Daggers, Hero) continues to use the screen as a vast movie canvas, swaths of brilliant color always in motion. Golden Flower is played out on the huge stage of the Forbidden City in Beijing and the coup attempt involves, literally, thousands of soldiers between the two sides. One army is dressed all in gold, the other in steel, and despite the numbers a great deal of stealth is involved. The palace interiors dwarf the cast, the walls and doors huge blocks of fabrics, and the costumes, especially of the royal family, massive affairs that somehow do not restrict movement.

recommended

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Casanova

An enjoyable historical romantic comedy based on a fabricated episode of a very young Giacomo Casanova set in Venice in the mid-1700s, this Heath Ledger-Sienna Miller 2005 film from Lasse Hallstrom uses the legendary Lothario as an exploration of the meaning of love.

Ledger is the title character, footloose and fancy-free and a charmer who slices through the clothing of beautiful women of all stations. He’s the bane of Bishop Dalfonso’s (Ken Stott) existence because Casanova has powerful protectors including the Doge of Venice. He’s hard up for cash, though, and has finally pushed too far; to escape prosecution and stay out of debtor’s prison as well Casanova must make a real marriage to a woman carrying a sizable dowry by the festival days away.

Fortunately the lovely, lithe blond Victoria (Natalie Dormer) is anxious to be rid of her virginity and has her noble father wrapped around her pinkie so, despite misgivings about her suitor’s reputation, daddy agrees. The same day the groom-to-be is challenged to a duel by Giovanni (Charlie Cox), who lives across from Victoria and has been lovesick since hair appeared on his chest. He’s a terrible fencer, though, and his older sister, wearing identical clothing and mask, takes his place.

Casanova has seen her before, when the unusually educated Francesca (Miller) scandalized Venetian academics by debating a man, also wearing men’s clothes and a wig and mustache disguise. He falls for her immediately but, aside from his impending nuptials, she is also betrothed to a wealthy cousin (Oliver Platt) as the means to solve the whole in the family accounts after dad died.

Finally, Dalonso’s superiors in the Inquisition have decided he can’t bring Casanova to the bar and replaced him with the utterly no-nonsense Cardinal Pucci (Jeremy Irons). Pucci is not put off by the planned wedding nor the political conflict with the secular authorities.

The way these three plots crash together intelligently and with great wit is what makes me give this a recommended result. Also chipping in are the colorful clothing and city scenery, as well as an outstanding performance by Omid Djallai as Casanova’s manservant.

recommended

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Tobruk

In 1942 the German army in North Africa led by Field Marshall Rommel was kicking Allied booty, to say the least, and so the Western powers decided to try a sleight of hand approach to cutting Rommel’s attack capability by destroying his fuel depot. The storage tanks were deep in German territory, in the heavily defended Libyan port city of Tobruk, and so previous direct assaults failed.

Tobruck is the story of the mission that worked. A force that combined British ground troops with a special squad of German Jews who escaped Hitler, along with an American oil engineer with deep knowledge of the territory, were tasked with driving overland across the desert and bluffing through to the heavy guns defending the coast. The Jewish troops were all native German speakers, of course, and by wearing Nazi uniforms expected little interference.

If the mission went strictly as planned there’d hardly be material for a movie and there are several episodes that come up. Bunkering down for the first or second night in a wadi, they’re able to hide from an Italian patrol and then trick the Italians into thinking they’ve been attacked by a German squad coming from the other direction. And vice versa and so on.

Then the company takes possession of two German spies, an apparently English father and daughter, who think they’ve found safety as the Jewish troops play their parts as real German troops in their presence. Those heroes harbor a double agent, who sends the spies off to a hidden phone, though the ruse is uncovered and the pair found before any harm’s done to the mission.

Finally, after nearly an hour of screen time, the surviving troops reach Tobruk and make their way to the big guns. The mole has done the necessary, unfortunately, and the Germans inflict heavy casualties, averting the ground invasion planned to coincide with their effort. The Jews die valiantly and the American destroys the fuel dumps, and is the only one (along with his two Brit support troops) to get out alive.

Rock Hudson is the American, George Peppard, affecting a ridiculous accent, is the leader of the Jewish squad and the two key English soliders are played by stereotypical Brit actors, Nigel Green and Jack Watson. I don’t use the term derogatively but that if you thought of a WWII British colonel and sergeant major these two are exactly who you’d picture.

Arthur Hiller directed from Leo Gordon’s script (Gordon also plays Peppard’s sergeant) and mainly I’d say Tobruk is a serviceable war picture. Good, keeps the tension increasing, okay acting yet never gets all that exciting. As one of the IMDB commentors wrote, the movie seems to be stuck trying to create a parallel theme comparing the explicit antisemitism of the British officers with the Nazi’s extermination program.

recommended

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